Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport Flights Info
How can I find cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Explore the cheapest one-way and round-trip flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport over the next 90 days, with one-way fares from HK$766 and round-trip from HK$1,518. Based on Trip.com's latest 7-day flight data.
- Cheapest
- Round-trip
- Nonstop
- Recommended
- Next 7 days
- Fastest
- Cheapest
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Dec 24 | Spring Airlines
HK$766 HK$1,28540% off40% offHK$1,285 HK$766
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Jan 25 | Spring Airlines
HK$812 HK$1,43844% off44% offHK$1,438 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Jan 24 | Spring Airlines
HK$812 HK$1,43844% off44% offHK$1,438 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Jan 26 | Spring Airlines
HK$81244% offHK$1,438 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Jan 23 | Spring Airlines
HK$83342% offHK$1,438 HK$833
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Jan 14 | Spring Airlines
HK$84035% offHK$1,285 HK$840
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Dec 31 | Spring Airlines
HK$84434% offHK$1,285 HK$844
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Jan 10 | Spring Airlines
HK$84434% offHK$1,285 HK$844
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Dec 30 | Spring Airlines
HK$86133% offHK$1,285 HK$861
CNX 1:00 PM17h 25m1 stopSHA 2:00 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Normal AirlineFind more flightsFind more flights
- Cheapest nonstop
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Jan 10 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Thu, Jan 14 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,518 HK$2,12028% off28% offHK$2,120 HK$1,518
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Jan 9 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Tue, Jan 12 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,611 HK$2,12024% off24% offHK$2,120 HK$1,611
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Fri, Jan 8 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Tue, Jan 12 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,611 HK$2,12024% off24% offHK$2,120 HK$1,611
CNX 9:30 AM4h 10mNonstopPVG 2:40 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Dec 15 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Thu, Dec 17 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,72519% offHK$2,120 HK$1,725
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Dec 13 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Thu, Dec 17 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,73218% offHK$2,120 HK$1,732
CNX 9:30 AM4h 10mNonstopPVG 2:40 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Dec 12 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Wed, Dec 16 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,73218% offHK$2,120 HK$1,732
CNX 9:30 AM4h 10mNonstopPVG 2:40 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Dec 14 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Thu, Dec 17 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,73218% offHK$2,120 HK$1,732
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Dec 10 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Tue, Dec 15 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,73218% offHK$2,120 HK$1,732
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Dec 9 | Spring AirlinesPricesCNX-PVGEconomy class
Included
PVG 4:15 PM5hNonstopCNX 8:15 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Wed, Dec 16 | Spring AirlinesPricesPVG-CNXEconomy class
IncludedHK$1,73218% offHK$2,120 HK$1,732
CNX 1:00 PM17h 25m1 stopSHA 2:00 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Normal Airline
SHA 3:00 PM6hNonstopCNX 4:00 PMShanghai - Chiang Mai | Thu, Nov 19 | Normal AirlineFind more flightsFind more flights
- Cheapest nonstop
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Dec 24 | Spring Airlines
HK$766 HK$1,28540% off40% offHK$1,285 HK$766
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Jan 25 | Spring Airlines
HK$812 HK$1,43844% off44% offHK$1,438 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Jan 24 | Spring Airlines
HK$812 HK$1,43844% off44% offHK$1,438 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Jan 26 | Spring Airlines
HK$81244% offHK$1,438 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Jan 23 | Spring Airlines
HK$83342% offHK$1,438 HK$833
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Jan 14 | Spring Airlines
HK$84035% offHK$1,285 HK$840
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Dec 31 | Spring Airlines
HK$84434% offHK$1,285 HK$844
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Jan 10 | Spring Airlines
HK$84434% offHK$1,285 HK$844
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Dec 30 | Spring Airlines
HK$86133% offHK$1,285 HK$861
CNX 1:00 PM17h 25m1 stopSHA 2:00 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Normal AirlineFind more flightsFind more flights
- Cheapest nonstop
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Jan 26 | Spring Airlines
HK$812 HK$1,66951% off51% offHK$1,669 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Jan 25 | Spring Airlines
HK$812 HK$1,66951% off51% offHK$1,669 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Jan 24 | Spring Airlines
HK$812 HK$1,66951% off51% offHK$1,669 HK$812
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Jan 23 | Spring Airlines
HK$83350% offHK$1,669 HK$833
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Thu, Jan 28 | Spring Airlines
HK$93344% offHK$1,669 HK$933
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Jan 30 | Spring Airlines
HK$93344% offHK$1,669 HK$933
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Jan 27 | Spring Airlines
HK$93344% offHK$1,669 HK$933
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Feb 1 | Spring Airlines
HK$93344% offHK$1,669 HK$933
CNX 1:10 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 6:05 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Jan 31 | Spring Airlines
HK$93344% offHK$1,669 HK$933
CNX 1:00 PM17h 25m1 stopSHA 2:00 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Normal AirlineFind more flightsFind more flights
- Cheapest nonstop
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Nov 16 | Spring Airlines
HK$955 HK$2,35859% off59% offHK$2,358 HK$955
CNX 4:25 PM7h 35m1 stopPVG 1:00 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Nov 16 | China Eastern Airlines
PricesCNX-KMGEconomy classKMG-PVGEconomy classUSB port and power outletHK$1,308 HK$2,35845% off45% offHK$2,358 HK$1,308
CNX 9:30 AM4h 15mNonstopPVG 2:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Spring Airlines
HK$1,933 HK$2,35818% off18% offHK$2,358 HK$1,933
CNX 4:25 PM7h 35m1 stopPVG 1:00 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | China Eastern Airlines
PricesCNX-KMGEconomy classKMG-PVGEconomy classUSB port and power outletHK$1,16251% offHK$2,358 HK$1,162
CNX 5:35 PM6h 55m1 stopPVG 1:30 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Thai Lion Air
HK$1,36342% offHK$2,358 HK$1,363
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Nov 18 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableHK$1,08854% offHK$2,358 HK$1,088
CNX 9:30 AM3h 55mNonstopPVG 2:25 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Nov 18 | Spring Airlines
HK$1,30345% offHK$2,358 HK$1,303
CNX 3:35 PM4h 10mNonstopPVG 8:45 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Nov 18 | China Eastern Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableUSB port and power outletHK$1,67528% offHK$2,358 HK$1,675
CNX 4:25 PM7h 35m1 stopPVG 1:00 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Wed, Nov 18 | China Eastern Airlines
PricesCNX-KMGEconomy classKMG-PVGEconomy classUSB port and power outletHK$1,13652% offHK$2,358 HK$1,136
CNX 1:00 PM17h 25m1 stopSHA 2:00 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Normal AirlineFind more flightsFind more flights
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Jan 26 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableHK$1,069 HK$4,62777% off77% offHK$4,627 HK$1,069
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Jan 25 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableHK$1,069 HK$4,62777% off77% offHK$4,627 HK$1,069
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Jan 30 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableHK$1,150 HK$4,62775% off75% offHK$4,627 HK$1,150
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Mon, Feb 1 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableHK$1,29572% offHK$4,627 HK$1,295
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Feb 6 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableHK$1,29572% offHK$4,627 HK$1,295
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sun, Feb 7 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableUSB port and power outletHK$1,73163% offHK$4,627 HK$1,731
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Feb 9 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableUSB port and power outletHK$2,53145% offHK$4,627 HK$2,531
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Fri, Feb 12 | Juneyao Airlines
PricesCNX-PVGEconomy classIn-flight meals are availableHK$3,77518% offHK$4,627 HK$3,775
CNX 1:30 AM3h 50mNonstopPVG 6:20 AMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Sat, Jan 30 | China Eastern Airlines
HK$3,78718% offHK$4,627 HK$3,787
CNX 1:00 PM17h 25m1 stopSHA 2:00 PMChiang Mai - Shanghai | Tue, Nov 17 | Normal AirlineFind more flightsFind more flights
Displayed flight fares from Chiang Mai to Shanghai are based on average prices across airlines for the next 3 months, according to the latest Trip.com database.
Which airline offers the cheapest flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Trip.com Price Insights: Flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
Which month has the lowest one-way flight price from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Based on Trip.com data from the past 12 months, if you’re looking for low one-way flight fares from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport, the best time to book is in December, with an average price of HK$1,054. Try to avoid February, when prices are highest, averaging around HK$2,521.
Which month is the cheapest for round-trip flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Based on Trip.com data from the past 12 months, January is usually the cheapest month to find flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport, with an average price of HK$2,309. In contrast, February is typically the most expensive month, with average prices reaching HK$3,553.
What is the cheapest day of the week to fly from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Based on Trip.com data from the past 12 months, the cheapest day to depart from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport is usually Thursday, with average fares typically lower than other days. Try to avoid departing on Sunday, as prices are usually the highest on that day.
What is the flight schedule from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Check the schedule for flights from Chiang Mai to Shanghai and find the flight that best matches your travel plans.
-
9C8512
Chiang Mai International Airport
9:30 AM
CNX
2:40 PM
PVG
S M T W T F SSearch
FAQs for Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport Flights
How long is the flight from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport takes about 3 hours 41 minutes on average. Actual flight time may vary depending on route, weather and air traffic.How many daily flights are there from Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX) to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG)?
There are around 3 daily flights from Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX) to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG).What is the flight schedule from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
The earliest flight from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport departs at 09:30, and the last departs at 15:35, with about 2 flights per day. Flight times may change, so please check the latest departure and arrival times before you travel.When are flight tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX) to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG) most expensive?
The route from Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX) to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG) is quite popular. Without considering departure times or holidays, tickets cost around HK$1,467 in November, the most expensive month to book this route.What is the transportation method from the main airport to downtown in Shanghai?
- The distance from Shanghai Pudong International Airport to downtown is about 32 km. It takes about 50 minutes by taxi.
- The distance from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport to downtown is about 13 km. It takes about 30 minutes by taxi.
What's the closest airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG)?
The closest airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG) is Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport. The distance is around 44 km.Which airline operates the most direct flights from Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX) to Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG)?
Spring Airlines is a very popular airline operating an average of 557 flights per month.What are the cheapest flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
One-way flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport currently start from HK$766, and round-trip fares start from HK$1,518. The current lowest fare is a Spring Airlines flight departing on Thu, Dec 24; prices may vary depending on availability.Which airlines offer direct flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Yes. China Eastern Airlines and Spring Airlines operate direct flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport, with an average flight time of 3 hours 31 minutes, and around 13 weekly flights. Actual flight frequency may vary by season.What is the average price of a flight from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Based on Trip.com flight data for departures within the next 30 days with at most one stop, the average one-way price from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport is HK$2,246. Prices may vary depending on the departure date, airline, and availability.Which budget airlines fly from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Spring Airlines are the most popular budget airlines flying from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport, with one-way fares starting from HK$766. Compare final prices carefully, as baggage, seat selection and payment fees may apply.How many weekly flights are there from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport?
Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport operates around 13 weekly flights, mainly by China Eastern Airlines and Spring Airlines. Actual frequency may vary during holidays and seasonal schedule adjustments.How do I book flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport on Trip.com?
Enter Chiang Mai International Airport and Shanghai Pudong International Airport, select your departure date and number of passengers, then compare flights by price, flight duration, and baggage allowance. Once you've chosen a fare, review the change and refund rules, fill in passenger details, and pay to receive your booking confirmation.
Popular Destinations
- Return plane tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Don Mueang International Airport
- Cheap tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Suvarnabhumi International Airport
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Ninoy Aquino International Airport
- Return plane tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Kuala Lumpur International Airport
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Da Nang International Airport
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Da Nang
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Manila
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Kuala Lumpur
- Return plane tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Phuket
- Return plane tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Ta Khmau
- Cheap tickets from Hong Kong International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Cheap flights from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Cheap flights from Mactan International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Cheap flights from Ninoy Aquino International Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Cheap tickets from Davao Airport to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Cheap flights from Manila to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Plane tickets from Cebu to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Cheap flights from Hong Kong to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Return flight tickets from Davao to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Plane tickets from Guangzhou to Shanghai Pudong International Airport
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Da Nang
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Phuket
- Plane tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Kuala Lumpur
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Ta Khmau
- Return plane tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Manila
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Don Mueang International Airport
- Cheap tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Da Nang International Airport
- Cheap flights from Chiang Mai International Airport to Kuala Lumpur International Airport
- Return plane tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Suvarnabhumi International Airport
- Cheap tickets from Chiang Mai International Airport to Ninoy Aquino International Airport
- Tokyo Transport
- What to Eat in Cebu
- Taiwan Visa
- Toronto Pearson International Airport
- UK ETA
- Tokyo Subway Map
- Australia Visa
- Australia ETA
- Manila Airport to City
- Best Time to Visit El Nido
- Hong Kong Transport
- Malaysia Tax Refund
- Hanoi Airport to City
- Baidu App
- Guangzhou Metro Map
- Zhangjiajie Weather
- Japan Arrival Card
- Trip.com Credit Card Promo Code
- Where to Eat in Tagaytay
- Airlines in Terminal
- Best Time to Visit Thailand
- What to Eat in Hanoi
- Taipei to Taichung
- Osaka vs Tokyo
- Canton Fair
- Hong Kong Weather in June
- Hong Kong Transit
- Cebu Pacific Online Check In
- Taipei Main Station
- Thailand Public Holiday 2026
- Flights from Hangzhou to Shenzhen
- AA4370 Flight Status
- 4Y203 Flight Status
- 4Y443 Flight Status
- Flights to Manchester Airport
Note: Prices shown on this page are the lowest estimated prices found in the last 24 hours and include all taxes and fees.