Peony Viewing in Heze
Peony Viewing in Heze
Peony Viewing in Heze
Peony Viewing in Heze
Peony Viewing in Heze
Shandong
Heze

2025Peony Viewing in Heze|trip.com

Peony Viewing in Heze
󰺂3.0

Best time to visitApr-May

Introduction Peony Viewing in Heze

Introduction
Some information may have been translated by Google Translate
Heze is known as the "Peony Capital" for its rich and diverse peony varieties and spectacular sea of ​​flowers, and is an ideal destination for flower lovers. There are more than 1,200 varieties of peonies here, including some rare varieties such as "Wei Zi" and "Yao Huang", showing rich colors and forms that are unmatched elsewhere.
Heze's peony flowering period is usually from April to May, when the flowers are in full bloom and colorful. Every year, Heze holds the International Peony Cultural Tourism Festival, during which there are rich cultural activities and exhibitions, attracting a large number of tourists. In addition to flower viewing, you can also taste Heze's local specialties, such as the Peony Banquet, which includes dishes made with peony flowers as raw materials, with a unique flavor.
Heze not only has a sea of ​​peony flowers, but tourists can also visit nearby cultural attractions such as the ancient city wall and museums to experience the local history and culture. The sea of ​​peony flowers in Heze is also very popular on social media and is a popular spot for Internet celebrities to check in.

Trip Moments Peony Viewing in Heze

Peony Viewing in Heze Trip Moments
Qingdao–Tai'an–Jining 6-Day Tour: Detailed Itinerary

Qingdao–Tai'an–Jining 6-Day Tour: Detailed Itinerary

Long weekends are here! If you're planning to visit Qingdao, Tai'an, and Jining, check out this detailed 6-day itinerary and save it for later! / 🛤️ Itinerary: Day 1: Guangzhou > Heze > Qufu Fly from Guangzhou to Heze, then transfer to Qufu to start your cultural journey. Day 2: Temple of Confucius Visit the Temple of Confucius, the holy land of Confucianism, and experience the wisdom of Confucius and the profound Confucian culture. Day 3: May Fourth Square Visit May Fourth Square in Qingdao to experience the modern atmosphere and historical culture of the city. Day 4: Zhanqiao Pier Stroll along Zhanqiao Pier in Qingdao, enjoy the beautiful sea view, and feel the sea breeze. Day 5: Dai Temple Visit the historic Dai Temple to explore the charm of ancient architecture and cultural heritage. Day 6: Mount Tai Scenic Area Climb to the top of Mount Tai to enjoy the magnificent natural scenery and experience the grandeur of standing on top of the mountain and looking down on the world. / Must-see attractions: 🏞️ Mount Tai Scenic Area: The sunrise and sunset are as beautiful as a painting. Standing on the top of the mountain, you can overlook the wonderful mountain scenery, as if you have opened a picture book of nature. 🏛️ Temple of Confucius: Step into the World Cultural Heritage Site and feel the ancient charm of thousands of years. It is home to the essence of ancient Chinese architecture, and every brick and tile tells a story of history. 🌉 Zhanqiao Pier: Stroll along the 440-meter-long sea corridor, as if you are walking into the embrace of the sea. It extends from the land into the sea, offering a beautiful view of the sea and sky. 🎉 May Fourth Square: The red sculpture "May Wind" is the symbol of the square. When night falls, the square is brightly lit, and the night view is extremely charming. 🕍 Dai Temple: A majestic Taoist holy land with magnificent architecture and many ancient steles waiting for you to appreciate. / 🎒 Travel checklist: 👗 Clothing: Thick coat, thermal underwear, sweater, long pants, hat, scarf, gloves. These places are quite cold in December. 👟 Shoes: Non-slip and warm boots, so you can walk anywhere without fear. 🎒 Backpack: Large-capacity backpack to hold all your belongings. 📷 Photography equipment: Camera, phone, power bank. Don't miss the beautiful scenery. 💳 Documents and money: ID card, cash, bank card. Essentials for traveling. 🍞 Food: Snacks, water bottle, portable tableware. Replenish energy whenever you're hungry. 💊 Emergency supplies: Cold medicine, band-aids, and other common medicines, just in case. / Qingdao's charm, Tai'an's grandeur, and Jining's charm. Isn't it worth it? Don't forget to like and save, and share your travel memories!
NovaStardust15
NovaStardust15
13-Day Itinerary for Shandong, Heze, and More

13-Day Itinerary for Shandong, Heze, and More

Hey guys, here's a detailed 13-day itinerary for Shandong, Heze, and more! This is all you need to explore Shandong! / 🛤️ Itinerary Day 1: Depart from Guangzhou and arrive in Heze to start your journey. Day 2-3: Travel to Tai'an, Liaocheng, and Qufu to experience the history and culture, then head to Rizhao to enjoy the coastal scenery. Day 4-5: Depart from Rizhao, pass through Qingdao and Weihai, and arrive in Penglai to explore the fairyland legend, then head to Dalian. Day 6-7: Depart from Dalian, travel to Dandong and Yingkou to experience the Northeast style. Day 8: Pass through Panjin and arrive in Beidaihe to enjoy the seaside leisure. Day 9-10: Head to Bashang Grassland to experience the vastness and natural beauty of the grassland, then head to Chengde. Day 11: Depart from Chengde, pass through Tangshan, and arrive in Tianjin to experience the prosperity of the northern city. Day 12: Return to Guangzhou from Tianjin and end your pleasant journey. Day 13: Return home and end your journey. / Must-see attractions: 🏔️ Mount Tai: The sunrise and sunset are as beautiful as a painting. Standing on the top of the mountain, the whole mountain is as beautiful as a picture book, making people linger. 🏡 Summer Resort: This is the royal garden of the Qing Dynasty, where architecture and natural scenery are perfectly integrated. It is a window to understand the life of the ancient royal family. 🏛️ The Three Confucian Sites in Qufu: Want to explore the roots of Confucian culture? Come to the Three Confucian Sites in Qufu, including the Confucius Temple, the Confucius Mansion, and the Confucius Cemetery, to see the Confucian style. 🏰 Penglai Pavilion: It feels like being in a dreamlike fairyland. This mysterious famous building carries countless legends, waiting for you to explore. / Travel tips: 🍜 Food: Heze water-milled tofu and sweet and sour cabbage are a must-try, as well as scallion oil noodles and stir-fried clams. 🎉 Customs: Experience the Dragon Heads-raising Day on the second day of the second lunar month and feel the passion of Heze cockfighting! 🛍️ Specialties: Peony flower cake and Caoxian roast beef are affordable and unique. ✈️ Airport transportation: Heze Airport has many routes, and there are customized buses directly to each county, which is super convenient! / The beauty of Heze is more than that, waiting for you to explore more! Don't forget to like and save, and share it with your travel buddies!
Dr. Blaze Tremblay IV
Dr. Blaze Tremblay IV
6-Day Qingdao-Tai'an-Jinan Itinerary

6-Day Qingdao-Tai'an-Jinan Itinerary

Starting in Qingdao, passing through Tai'an, and ending in Jinan, this 6-day itinerary will take you through the beautiful scenery of Shandong and let you experience the local culture. Come explore with me! -------- 🚩Itinerary: Day 1: Gudong Seawall—Yellow River Estuary Ecotourism Area Enjoy the coastal scenery and explore the natural wonders of the Yellow River Estuary. Day 2: Daming Lake Scenic Area—Black Tiger Spring—Mount Tai Scenic Area Stroll along Daming Lake, taste the sweet water of Black Tiger Spring, and climb to the top of Mount Tai to enjoy the magnificent mountain scenery. Day 3: Nishan Sacred Land Scenic Area Feel the cultural atmosphere of Nishan and experience a spiritual baptism. Day 4: May Fourth Square—Qingdao Olympic Sailing Center—Lover's Dam Visit May Fourth Square, tour the Olympic Sailing Center, and stroll along Lover's Dam to experience the romance and vitality of Qingdao. Day 5: Zhanqiao Pier—Badaguan Scenic Area—Signal Hill Park—Ancient City of Qingzhou Start from Zhanqiao Pier, pass through the historic buildings of Badaguan, climb Signal Hill to overlook the panoramic view of Qingdao, and finally visit the Ancient City of Qingzhou. Day 6: Qingzhou—Dongying—Guangzhou End your pleasant journey by returning to Dongying from Qingzhou, then head back to Guangzhou. -------- Travel Essentials: 🧳Going to Qingdao-Tai'an-Jinan? Don't forget to bring these! 👗 Clothing: The temperature in December is moderate, so bring a warm coat and sweater. You can also bring a down jacket for the seaside. Long-sleeve tops and fleece hoodies are also good choices. Don't forget your swimsuit for the beach! 🎒 Accessories: Sunglasses, a sun hat, and sunscreen are essential for sun protection. Bring an umbrella or raincoat for unexpected weather. Flip-flops are convenient for walking on the beach, while sneakers are suitable for city sightseeing. 🆔 Documents: Be sure to carry your ID card, student ID, and other documents with you, as well as cash and bank cards for emergencies. 📱 Electronic Devices: Don't forget your phone, charger, and power bank. You'll need them for your trip, taking photos, and sharing beautiful scenery! -------- Enjoy the romantic seaside of Qingdao, the historic mountains of Tai'an, and the charm of Jinan, the City of Springs. This trip will be unforgettable!
Serendipity_Nora_60
Serendipity_Nora_60
Heze 1-day tour.

Heze 1-day tour.

Heze Railway Station ➡️ Heze Museum ➡️ Tianxiang Park ➡️ Jiahe City ➡️ Old City of Caozhou Transportation: 🚶🏻‍♀️ Walking/🚗 Self-driving/Taxi 🚘 👁 Must-see cultural relics: 1️⃣ Bronze heavy weapon from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties - Zai Fu You 2️⃣ Ancient ship, one of the most well-preserved wooden inland river ships from the Yuan Dynasty in China 3️⃣ Yuan Dynasty blue and white dragon pattern plum vase selected as "Qilu Treasure" 4️⃣ Typical artifact from the Longshan Culture period, square pattern pottery jar 🎫 Ticket: Free ⏰ Opening hours: May 6, 2024 - October 7, 2024 9:00 am - 12:00 pm (last entry at 11:30 am) 2:00 pm - 5:30 pm (last entry at 5:00 pm) ⚠️ Closed at noon ⚠️ Closed on Mondays (except public holidays) 🚶‍ Tour time: 1-2 hours ✅ Tianxiang Park 👉 A free city park with many people exercising and walking during the day and night. Now the flowering season is over, but it is said that in April every year, you can see peonies, which are very beautiful! 🎫 Ticket: Free 🚶🏻‍♀️ Tour time: 1-2 hours 3️⃣ Jiahe City The supermarket is said to be the Heze version of "Pang Donglai", and there is a Jianghu Food Street on the underground floor! 4️⃣ Old City of Caozhou Recommended to see the night view at night! The lights are on, and the ancient style is great 👍📷 👉 The Old City of Caozhou was founded in the 11th year of the Ming Dynasty, and the city is square, with each side being 3 li long; later, a circular embankment was built to symbolize the round sky and square earth, forming a round outer and square inner pattern. 👉 In the 13th year of the Qing Dynasty, it was promoted to a prefecture city, and was famous for its 72 streets, 72 wells, 72 ponds, and 72 archways. The prefecture system was abolished in the Republic of China, and the city declined and the ancient sites decayed. 👉 The current Old City of Caozhou buildings are built and rebuilt on the original site in imitation of the old system. 🌈 Main attractions 🔵 Shensi Garden 👉 Built in memory of Fan Xizheng, the governor of Caozhou in the Ming Dynasty, to praise his "Gan Tang Yi Ai" character and outstanding contribution to Caozhou City. 🎫 Garden ticket: CNY 30/person 🟡 Taining Bridge 👉 The bridge has five arches, symbolizing the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. Each side has 60 columns, with the twelve zodiac signs carved on them, meaning "the combination of the heavenly stems and earthly branches, the sixty-year cycle, the yin and yang of heaven and earth, and the twelve as the outline". 🔵 Yong'an Tower 👉 The tower is a seven-story octagonal four-door pavilion-style brick and concrete building, with a total height of 55 meters. 🎫 Tower ticket: CNY 20/person 🥰🥘🥢🥣 In Heze, I ate: Lamb soup, Zhuang Mo, Hu porridge, spicy soup, hot pot, and pan-fried buns
SerenadeJesters
SerenadeJesters
National Color Peony!

National Color Peony!

1️⃣ Caozhou Peony Garden is one of the largest peony gardens in the world with the most varieties. 2️⃣ You must visit the Baihua Garden, where the Centennial Peony King is located. It has the most complete collection of peony varieties, and the peony flowers are bigger than your face. 3️⃣ The Gujin Garden, known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Flowers Village," has a history of over 500 years and houses rare and precious peony varieties. After feasting your eyes, let's feast our stomachs. The University Town is very lively, with many chain restaurants and cafes. I really like the Yinzuo Hutong, which offers a wide variety of snacks. The snack street on Dongfanghong Street has a lot to offer, and you can also stroll along the main street of Heze. Mutton soup is a must-try, with many restaurants offering both red and white soup versions. Taxi drivers all know about Haijia and Shajia, and the prices are reasonable! In the morning, you can have a bowl of Hu La soup with Heze's unique Mian Pao Zi, and then take a stroll around the small square, where you can see people practicing swordplay, Tai Chi, and square dancing... Heze's peony cake, peony pie, Caoxian roast beef, Juye pot soup, Dingtao Menzi soup, Yuncheng Water Margin, Chengwu Jiang Datou, Shanxian mutton soup, Dongming Fen Du, Juancheng roasted sheep's head
CAYDEN YATES
CAYDEN YATES
Passing through your city, Heze.

Passing through your city, Heze.

In November, the messenger of winter quietly stepped into this new week, like a painter in a silver gauze, adding a touch of coolness to the ancient city. In the morning, pedestrians on the street wrapped their collars tightly and quickened their pace, as if racing against time. They stopped briefly in this ancient city, perhaps not to find a specific destination, but to capture the unique charm of tranquility and coolness at this moment, like capturing a fleeting morning dew. Walking slowly along the street, the trees on both sides have already put on their golden dresses, and the fallen leaves are like coins forgotten by time, piece by piece, layer by layer, paving a golden path to the past. Every step is accompanied by a subtle but clear sound, the sound of the changing seasons, which is particularly loud in this quiet morning, as if nature is whispering, telling the story of the cycle from spring to autumn to winter. Heze, an ancient city with a thousand-year history, is more simple and solemn in the cold wind of winter. Between the blue bricks and black tiles, there is a faint smell of fireworks, intertwined with the smoke rising in the distance, forming a warm and slightly desolate picture. People in this busy crowd occasionally slow down and look up at the ancient buildings that have stood the test of time, as if they have found their own moment of peace in the fleeting time. Goodbye Heze, maybe I will come back to see you again!
Asher876~Gray
Asher876~Gray
󱁨4
Caozhou Ancient City.

Caozhou Ancient City.

✈️ Heze, the ancient city of Caozhou, has built a new Caozhou Old City. It is actually a combination of several streets. 1️⃣ On Qixi Festival, I strolled around looking for food. It seems that every city has an old street, and Heze's old street is called "Caozhou Ancient City." 2️⃣ Caozhou Ancient City is located in the old city of Heze, Shandong Province. From the Northern Wei to the Jin Dynasty, the ancient city of Chengshi existed for more than 600 years, and from the Jin Dynasty to the Republic of China, Caozhou Ancient City existed for more than 800 years. Caozhou was established in the first year of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (578 AD). Due to the impact of the Yellow River floods, the location of the state city has changed several times. In the 11th year of the Ming Dynasty (1446 AD), Fan Xizheng, the governor of Caozhou, planned the city, divided the residential areas, established government offices, and built Confucian schools. Streets were initially formed, laying the foundation for the old city of Heze. 3️⃣ It is said that the historical old city of Heze was square, with a side length of 3 li and a circumference of 12 li. There were 7 vertical and 7 horizontal streets in the city, intersecting like a chessboard. The intersections were called corners, and the streets were divided into sections, collectively called alleys. In the Qing Dynasty, there were 32 east-west alleys and 26 north-south alleys, totaling 58. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933 AD), the streets were unified and named, with 36 east-west streets and 36 north-south streets, totaling 72. 4️⃣ I asked a local colleague, who said that this ancient city was also rebuilt later, with complete buildings and towers, various internet-famous snacks, and photo spots. Many newly built ancient cities have become snack and travel photo markets. It is more interesting to have a little historical and cultural mix. Otherwise, you can only search online and learn later. Let's see if this ancient city is a real ancient city.
DIANA FOSTER
DIANA FOSTER
Qingdao-Qufu-Tai'an 6-Day Tour: The Ultimate Guide to a Fun Trip!

Qingdao-Qufu-Tai'an 6-Day Tour: The Ultimate Guide to a Fun Trip!

Hey guys, here's a super useful guide for a 6-day tour of Qingdao, Qufu, and Tai'an, covering all the highlights of Shandong! Save it now! . 🛣️ Itinerary: Day 1: Depart from Guangzhou -> Transfer at Heze -> Arrive in Qufu and start your cultural journey! Day 2: Visit the Confucius Mansion and experience Confucian culture -> Stroll through May Fourth Square and experience the charm of Qingdao -> Head to the Qingdao Olympic Sailing Center and enjoy the Olympic legacy. Day 3: Enjoy the sea breeze at Zhanqiao Pier -> Visit Badaguan and admire the historical buildings -> Climb to the top of Xiaoyushan Park and enjoy the beautiful view of Qingdao -> Take a leisurely walk in Maidao Park -> Go on the Tsingtao Beer Pure Draft Tour and experience beer culture. Day 4: Visit Dongpaotai Seaside Scenic Area and enjoy the coastal scenery -> Get close to marine life at Weihai Huiyue Ocean Ranch -> Take a photo in front of the Gate of Happiness in Weihai -> Enjoy leisure time in Yuehai Park. Day 5: Visit the Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea Scenic Area and explore the myth. Day 6: Conquer Mount Tai Scenic Area, climb to the top, and end your magnificent journey! . Recommended attractions: 🏞️ Mount Tai Scenic Area: The sunrise and sunset are as beautiful as a painting. Climb to the top and enjoy the magnificent view of the mountains, as if you were in a fairyland. 🌊 Badaguan: Stroll through Badaguan in Qingdao and feel the charm of European architecture. Every step is a different landscape painting. 🧚‍♀️ Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea Scenic Area: In front of Xianyuan Tower, the Eight Immortals Wall is lifelike. Listen to the myth of the Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea, as if you were traveling with the immortals. ⛵ Qingdao Olympic Sailing Center: A beautiful seaside resort with many sailboats. Enjoy a magnificent sunset when the sun goes down. . Travel tips: 🌦️ December climate: The three places enter deep winter, so remember to bring warm clothes. 📸 Photo spots: Qingdao Seaside, Qufu Confucius Temple, Mount Tai in Tai'an, beautiful scenery everywhere! 🛍️ Specialty prices: Qingdao dried seafood and Qufu snacks are affordable and make great gifts. 📌 Tips: Spend rationally when traveling, and enjoy the process! 🚗 Transportation: Qingdao Airport is not far from the city center. Plan your route in advance to avoid delays. 🔋 Power bank: Power bank rental is expensive in Qingdao, so bring your own small power bank. 🌅 Sunset: If you want to see the sunset, go early, or you might miss it! . 🎉 The sea breeze in Qingdao, the ancient sites in Qufu, and the magnificence of Mount Tai, one trip, three experiences, don't miss it! 🎉
LilyBakerME
LilyBakerME
Tianxiang Park

Tianxiang Park

Tianxiang Park is located on Zhonghua East Road in Heze City, Shandong Province, covering an area of more than 150 acres, including 36 acres of water surface. Tianxiang Park mainly plants peony flowers and has more than 180 rare peony varieties such as Jade White, Bean Green, and Imperial Concubine Inserting Jade. The architecture of Tianxiang Park is simple and elegant, with flowers and water, dense forests, winding paths leading to secluded spots, and beautiful scenery, full of charm and interest. Tianxiang Park is a comprehensive open park that integrates leisure, entertainment, sightseeing, and fitness.
The Traveling Epicure
The Traveling Epicure
Heze | Ramada Hotel is a Must for Peony Viewing

Heze | Ramada Hotel is a Must for Peony Viewing

| Ramada Hotel is a Must for Peony Viewing Ramada Heze is warm and comfortable Say goodbye to busy work and enjoy a relaxing time. Room recommendation: Business Room with View (Double/Twin) Enjoy a good sleep in a Ramada Heze leisure room. Hotel: Ramada Heze Address: 300 m north of the intersection of Renmin Road and Changcheng Road, Mudan District, Heze, next to Ginza Harmony Plaza Enjoy free access to the hotel's indoor heated pool and large gym with your room card Free Wi-Fi and parking. Car rental service available Near Caozhou Peony Garden, Zhaowang River Park, and Ginza Harmony Plaza
TimeTravelers_456
TimeTravelers_456
6-Day Tour of Tai'an, Qingdao, and Jining: Detailed Guide

6-Day Tour of Tai'an, Qingdao, and Jining: Detailed Guide

6-Day Tour of Tai'an, Qingdao, and Jining: Detailed Guide! Experience the unique charm of three cities and make your trip full of surprises and joy! . 🚩Route Overview: Day 1: Guangzhou -> Yuncheng Start your journey from Guangzhou to Yuncheng and look forward to tomorrow's exciting adventure. Day 2: Confucius Mansion -> Lighthouse Scenic Area Visit the Confucius Mansion, the holy land of Confucianism, and feel the profound cultural heritage. Then head to the Lighthouse Scenic Area to enjoy the unique scenery. Day 3: May Fourth Square Stroll through May Fourth Square and feel the modern atmosphere and vitality of the city. Day 4: Zhanqiao Pier -> Ancient City of Qingzhou Visit the beautiful scenery of Zhanqiao Pier, then head to the ancient city of Qingzhou with a long history and experience the feeling of time travel. Day 5: Black Tiger Spring -> Dai Temple -> Taishan Show City "Railway Guerrilla" Performance Visit the magical Black Tiger Spring, then visit the solemn Dai Temple, and enjoy the "Railway Guerrilla" performance at Taishan Show City in the evening. Day 6: Mount Tai Scenic Area Climb Mount Tai Scenic Area and enjoy the magnificence and vastness of nature, bringing this trip to a perfect end. . Must-Visit Attractions: 🏔️ Mount Tai Scenic Area: The sunrise and sunset are as beautiful as a painting. Climb the mountain and enjoy the wonderful scenery! 🌉 Zhanqiao Pier: Walk along the 440-meter-long sea corridor and feel the sea breeze blowing, as if you are walking into the sea. 🏰 Ancient City of Qingzhou: Travel through the Ming and Qing architecture, experience the ancient market style, and explore the stories in the streets and alleys. 🎉 May Fourth Square: Take a photo with the sculpture of the May Wind. The night view is even more dazzling. ⛩️ Dai Temple: Visit the majestic Taoist holy land and appreciate the artistic beauty of ancient stone carvings. . Travel Preparation: 👕 **Clothing**: The weather is still cool in February, so bring a thick coat, sweater or long-sleeved top, and comfortable walking shoes or hiking shoes. Qingdao is by the sea and the sea breeze is strong, so it is recommended to bring a windbreaker. 🎒 **Accessories and Sundries**: Hats, scarves, and gloves are all necessary to keep warm and stylish. Don't forget sunglasses, as the sun may be very dazzling when you reach the top of Mount Tai. 📇 **Documents and Funds**: ID cards and bank cards are essential, and bring some cash, as it may be more convenient to use cash in some small places. 💊 **Emergency Supplies**: Prepare some common medicines such as cold medicine, painkillers, and band-aids, just in case. These medicines may come in handy during the climb of Mount Tai. . Climb Mount Tai, see the sea in Qingdao, and explore culture in Jining. One trip, three experiences. Pack your beautiful memories now! 🎒✨
Liam123 Simmons
Liam123 Simmons
󱁨4
Heze Yueji Homestay

Heze Yueji Homestay

Heze Yueji Homestay Nowadays, the pace of life in big cities is fast. If you want to slow down and live, it seems to become a luxury. The homestay makes people feel as if they are in the forest, with fresh and fresh air. The style of the hotel is Santorini cave style, dreamy Moroccan style, Marrakech bazaar style, long-term Arashiyama Japanese style, each room is different decoration, each has its own characteristics, electrical lights air conditioning toilet is also a full intelligent device, using elegant streamlined furniture. Address: Intersection of Peony Road and Kangzhuang Road, Famous Door World Capital Building 3
ARLO COLLINS
ARLO COLLINS