Linxia is one of China's major areas inhabited by ethnic minorities, home to 31 ethnic groups including Han, Tibetan, and Tu, among whom are Hui, Dongxiang, Bao'an, and Salar minorities who practice Islam. Linxia is also the center of Islam in Northwest my country, with Islam spreading widely and exerting a profound influence. The region is home not only to the four major Sufi sects of Islam in China—the Gedimu, Ikhwani, Salafyya, and Xidaotang—but also the four major Sufi orders—the Zheherenye, Hufuye, Kubulinye, and Gaderenye. Throughout its history, Linxia has been influenced by both Han Chinese Confucian culture and Islam, resulting in a distinctive Islamic culture and architecture. While mosques are typical representatives of Islamic culture and architecture, another widely distributed and historically significant type of Islamic architecture exists in Linxia—the Gongbei (宮北).
The Gongbei is a collective term for the burial complexes of Sufi Sufi masters in Chinese Islam. Because Linxia is the birthplace of the Sufi order in Chinese Islam, numerous Gongbei are scattered throughout the region. In its formation and development, the Gongbei (sacred tombs) of Linxia absorbed traditional Chinese cultural thought, adhered to the requirements of Islamic religious architecture, and was also influenced by the traditional architectural forms of the Linxia region, resulting in a distinctive architectural style and religious culture. Simultaneously, the Gongbei served as an important link for maintaining social relations among the Linxia Sufi order's Muslims and a crucial site for the development and dissemination of Islam. The Gongbei are not only religious sites but also witnesses to the Sinicization of Islam. Today, many Gongbei are listed as cultural relics protection units, maintaining their religious functions while also becoming important windows for studying Chinese Islamic culture.