Pha That Luang, Vientiane

Pha That Luang, also known as the Great Sacred Stupa, is a highly significant religious monument in Vientiane, Laos. The stupa stands 45 meters tall and resembles a budding lotus. On the second tier of the main stupa, there are 30 smaller stupas positioned on all four sides. These smaller stupas were crafted using gold, each weighing 4 baht. Additionally, gold sheets shaped like palm leaves, called "Lan Kham," were created—30 sheets in total. Teachings of the Buddha were inscribed on each sheet, and both the gold and the sheets were placed inside the 30 smaller stupas. The creation of these smaller stupas symbolizes the 30 virtues required to attain Buddhahood, including generosity and merit. The base of the stupa is square-shaped, with the eastern and western sides being longer. Surrounding the base are 323 boundary stones. There are four prayer halls, each with stairs leading up to them. The eastern prayer hall features an intricately designed smaller stupa on its upper level, which is enclosed by another beautifully adorned structure. This enclosure houses individual Buddha images. On this level, there is a gateway aligned with the entrances to all four prayer halls. The third tier, built above the 30 smaller stupas, serves as the foundation for the pinnacle of the stupa. It is square-shaped and surrounded by large lotus petals, creating a stunning visual effect.