Understanding Intangible Cultural Heritage: The Art of Muqam

Name: The Art of Muqam Origin: Xinjiang Uyghur Region Approval Year: 2005 The Twelve Muqam is a large-scale traditional classical music of the Uyghur people, integrating singing, poetry, music, dance, vocal performance, and instrumental play. 🪕 Historical Background The origins of the Twelve Muqam can be traced back to the song and dance performances of nomadic tribes in the grasslands of the Western Regions. Xinjiang's Twelve Muqam absorbed elements from diverse cultures, such as Islam, Central Asian culture, and Chinese culture, gradually forming its unique style and characteristics. 🪕 Cultural Value The art of Xinjiang's Twelve Muqam is not only a form of music and dance but also encompasses rich historical, cultural, and folk elements. Through the performance of the Twelve Muqam, people can learn about the history and culture of the Xinjiang region and experience the lives and emotions of the local people. 🪕 Musical Characteristics The music of the Twelve Muqam is melodious and graceful, with strong narrative and emotional expressiveness. Its musical forms are diverse, including songs, instrumental music, and dance music, each with its unique style and features. 🪕 Instruments Used The main instruments used in the Twelve Muqam include the tambur, dutar, saz, rawap, and hand drum. 🪕 Vocal Techniques The vocal techniques of Xinjiang's Twelve Muqam are distinctive, characterized by high-pitched and passionate tones as well as smooth and beautiful melodies. Performers also employ special techniques such as throat singing and overtone singing to enhance the expressiveness and appeal of their performances. 🪕 Dance Elements The dance elements of Xinjiang's Twelve Muqam are rich and varied, featuring graceful and dynamic movements. The dances often incorporate elements from Central Asia, Islam, and Chinese culture, such as spinning, jumping, and rolling, showcasing the unique folk customs and historical culture of the Xinjiang region. 🪕 Costume Style Female performers typically wear long dresses paired with colorful headscarves and intricate silver accessories, highlighting the elegance and grace of Xinjiang women. Male performers wear long robes with colorful belts and hats, showcasing the bravery and ruggedness of Xinjiang men. 🪕 Muqam and Life Traditions The art of Xinjiang's Twelve Muqam is closely related to local life traditions. It is not only a form of music and dance but also an important way for people to socialize and express emotions during festivals, weddings, gatherings, and other occasions.