The Underground Great Wall—Karez

Karez is a unique underground irrigation system in Xinjiang, China, renowned as one of China's three ancient engineering marvels alongside the Great Wall and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Comprising vertical shafts, underground channels, surface canals, and small reservoirs, it ingeniously diverts subterranean runoff from the Tianshan Mountains to oasis areas, effectively minimizing water evaporation in the hot, arid climate. This crystallization of ancient wisdom serves as the lifeblood of Turpan, nurturing the "Land of Fire" and enabling the cultivation of grapes and other crops. It stands as a monumental achievement collectively created by the diverse ethnic groups of the region. #hellohalloween