Rome: The Eternal City

Geography Coordinates: 41°54′N, 12°30′E, located in the lower Tiber River valley of **central-western Italy**, spanning seven hills (e.g., Palatine Hill, Capitoline Hill). Area: Approximately 1,285 km², making it Italy’s largest and most populous city (population ~4.216 million, 2024 data). Climate: Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers (July avg. 20–32°C) and mild, wet winters (January avg. 1–10°C). History & Culture 1. Founding Legend - According to myth, Rome was founded in 753 BC by brothers Romulus and Remus, raised by a she-wolf—a story immortalized in the city’s emblem. - Archaeological evidence shows human settlement as early as the 8th century BC, evolving into the heart of the Roman Empire. 2. Historical Significance Capital of the Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD), spanning Europe, Asia, and Africa. Catholic Hub: Vatican City (the world’s smallest independent state) resides within Rome, home to the Pope. Renaissance Epicenter: Alongside Florence, a cradle of the Italian Renaissance. 3. UNESCO World Heritage - In 1980, Rome’s historic center was designated a UNESCO site, including landmarks like the Colosseum and Pantheon. Top Attractions Colosseum: Icon of ancient Rome, seating 50,000 spectators for gladiatorial contests. Pantheon: Best-preserved Roman structure, featuring the world’s largest unreinforced concrete dome. Vatican City: St. Peter’s Basilica, Sistine Chapel (Michelangelo’s frescoes), and Vatican Museums. Trevi Fountain: Baroque masterpiece; legend says tossing a coin ensures a return to Rome. 🚆 Transport & Economy Airports: Fiumicino (FCO), Ciampino (CIA). Rail: Roma Termini (key European hub). Economy: Driven by tourism (~€3.05 billion GDP), fashion, and film; ranked 14th globally in 2023. Modern Rome Districts: 22 administrative divisions, led by Mayor Roberto Gualtieri. Cultural Legacy: Dubbed the "Cradle of Western Civilization," its law, architecture, and Latin language profoundly shaped the world. Rome blends ancient grandeur with modern vibrancy. Whether you’re a history buff, art lover, or casual traveler, the city offers unforgettable experiences.